How to Grow Flowering Dogwood: A Comprehensive Guide for Gardeners

Dogwoods are known as one of the most spectacular flowering trees. Dogwood trees are beloved for their beautiful blooms and vibrant fall colors, making them a favorite choice for gardeners. With over 50 species in the Cornus genus, commonly known as Dogwood, these plants range from deciduous trees and evergreens to shrubs. One of the most popular species is the Flowering Dogwood, the state tree of Virginia, admired for its striking white to light yellow flowers that bloom in the spring and vibrant fall foliage.

But honestly, growing flowering dogwood can be challenging without the right information and the right method. Knowing how to plant them can help the tree have a good start in its growth. Whether you’re new to gardening or a seasoned expert, this blog will provide you with everything you need to successfully grow a flowering dogwood tree. From planting and care to troubleshooting common issues, we’ve got you covered.

Why Grow a Flowering Dogwood?

Many gardeners dream of a beautiful dogwood tree in their landscape, but growing one can come with its challenges. Flowering dogwoods need the right balance of sunlight, water, and soil conditions to thrive. In this guide, we’ll address the most common problems gardeners face, such as poor bloom production or susceptibility to diseases, and how you can overcome them to grow a healthy, blooming tree.

About the Flowering Dogwood Tree

Key Features

• Scientific Name: Cornus florida

• USDA Zones: 5-9

• Mature Size: Typically 15-30 feet tall and wide

• Bloom Time: Early spring, usually April to May

• Growth Rate: Moderate, growing about 1-2 feet per year

• Soil Requirements: Moist, well-drained, slightly acidic soil

• Sun Exposure: Partial shade to full sun

The flowering dogwood is not only a beautiful tree but also one that supports local wildlife by providing nectar for pollinators and berries for birds. Its pollen is particularly attractive to pollinators, and its fruit is eaten by many species of birds. The tree’s leaves decompose more quickly than most others, which adds organic matter to the soil.

Popular Varieties of Flowering Dogwood

Available in a wide variety of colors, shapes, and sizes, flowering dogwood trees add structure and color to the landscape for most of the year by year-round dogwood beauty. There are many types of flowering dogwoods, and each offers unique characteristics. Some common varieties include:

• Cornus florida ‘Cherokee Princess’: Known for its large white blooms and resistance to mildew.

• Cornus florida ‘Rubra’: A popular pink-flowered variety with stunning spring blossoms.

• Cornus kousa: A Chinese dogwood that blooms a little later in the season but is highly disease-resistant.

Related: 4 Best Flowering Dogwood Tees to Beautify Your Garden 

Planting Flowering Dogwood

When to Plant

The best time to plant dogwood trees is in the fall, giving the roots time to establish before the summer heat. In colder regions, early spring is also a good option. If planting in autumn, aim to get the tree in the ground 4 to 6 weeks before the first frost, allowing it enough time to develop new roots before winter dormancy begins.

Where to Plant

As understory trees, dogwoods prefer partial sun and some shelter from the wind, making them perfect for understory planting beneath larger trees. They’re often found in moist environments, near rivers, but they do not like wet feet, as dogwoods are sensitive to waterlogged areas.

Ensure the tree gets morning sun and afternoon shade. While they tolerate full sun in cooler climates, too much sun in hotter regions can cause stress.

How to Plant Dogwood Trees

1. Prepare the Soil: Dig a hole twice as wide but no deeper than the root ball. Mix in organic matter, like compost, to improve soil structure.

2. Remove Sod: Clear any sod from the planting area to prevent competition for nutrients.

3. Dig the Hole: Make the hole as deep as the root ball but at least twice as wide. The shape should resemble a shallow bowl, not a narrow cylinder. Loosen the soil on the edges and bottom to encourage root growth and better water drainage.

4. Prepare the Root Ball: Remove the dogwood from its container and prune any circling or girdling roots. For rootbound plants, score the root ball to stimulate new outward growth.

5. Position the Tree: Place the dogwood in the hole, ensuring the top of the root ball is level with the surrounding soil. Adjust the hole size if necessary, making sure no roots are bent or circling.

6. Backfill and Water: Backfill the hole halfway, gently firming the soil to remove air pockets. Water thoroughly to help settle the soil. Continue filling the hole, firming the soil as you go.

7. Mulch: Apply a 3-4 inch layer of mulch in a 2-3 foot circle around the tree. Keep the mulch a few inches away from the trunk, forming a “donut” shape, not a volcano.

8. Final Watering: Water the tree thoroughly after planting to help it establish.

When Your Flowering Dogwood Blooms and How to Encourage Better Blooming

Flowering dogwood trees (Cornus florida) typically bloom in spring, with their beautiful white or pink bracts appearing from April to May. The bloom period generally lasts about 2-4 weeks, depending on the climate and growing conditions. In warmer regions, they may bloom slightly earlier, while cooler areas might see them flower later in the spring.

To encourage better blooming for your flowering dogwood tree, follow these tips:

• Ensure the tree gets partial shade from filtered sunlight. Flowering dogwoods prefer morning sun and afternoon shade. Too much direct sunlight can stress the tree and reduce flowering.

• Keep the soil consistently moist but well-drained. Dogwoods thrive in slightly acidic, well-drained soil. Water regularly, especially during dry periods, but avoid overwatering.

• Apply a 2-3 inch layer of mulch around the base to retain moisture, regulate soil temperature, and prevent weeds. Keep the mulch away from the trunk to prevent rot.

• Prune in late winter or early spring, removing any dead, damaged, or crossing branches to improve airflow and reduce disease risk.

• Apply a slow-release, balanced fertilizer in early spring, but avoid over-fertilizing, as too much nitrogen can promote leaf growth at the expense of flowers.

Growing and Caring for Your Flowering Dogwood

Fertilization

Dogwoods typically don’t need a lot of fertilizer. Over-fertilizing can cause more harm than good. If your soil is rich and healthy, you may not need to fertilize at all. However, if you notice poor growth or pale leaves, use a slow-release fertilizer in early spring, before the tree begins blooming.

Watering and Soil

The most crucial factor when planting dogwood is water. Dogwoods prefer consistently moist soil but cannot tolerate standing water. Water your tree deeply once a week during dry periods, especially in its first few years. To avoid issues like root rot, make sure the soil drains well. Adding organic matter can improve water retention and soil structure.

Common Pests and Diseases

• Anthracnose: This fungal disease causes dark blotches on the leaves and can lead to dieback. Prune affected branches and apply a fungicide if necessary.

• Powdery Mildew: White powdery spots on leaves may indicate powdery mildew. Ensure good air circulation and remove any infected leaves.

• Dogwood Borer: This insect bores into the trunk and can cause serious damage. Keep your tree healthy to reduce the risk of infestations.

Growing Dogwoods in Pots or Garden Beds

Dogwoods can be grown in large containers, but it’s essential to choose a dwarf variety or one that stays compact. Use a well-draining potting mix and ensure the container has good drainage. In garden beds, leave plenty of space for the tree’s roots to spread.

Tips and Tricks for Growing Flowering Dogwood

• Mulch Regularly: Mulching helps retain moisture and suppress weeds, both of which are beneficial to dogwoods.

• Prune Sparingly: The best time to prune a dogwood tree is when the tree is dormant so late fall and winter. Avoid heavy pruning, as this can stress the tree and reduce blooming. Light pruning after the tree blooms helps maintain its shape.

• Water in Dry Periods: During hot summers, dogwoods need supplemental watering, especially if grown in full sun.

FAQs

1. How much sunlight does a dogwood need? Dogwoods prefer partial shade but can tolerate full sun in cooler climates. In warmer areas, too much direct sun can stress the tree, leading to poor blooms.

2. Can I grow dogwood in a pot? Yes, dogwoods can be grown in pots, especially dwarf varieties. Be sure to use a large container with good drainage and a quality potting mix.

3. How long does it take for a dogwood tree to bloom? If grown from a seedling, dogwoods usually bloom within 5-7 years. If you start with a more mature tree, you may see blooms within 1-2 years.

4. What is the best time to plant a dogwood tree? Fall is the best time to plant dogwood trees, as it allows the roots to establish before the summer heat. Spring is also a good time for planting in colder regions.

5. How often should I water my dogwood? Water deeply once a week, especially during dry periods. Newly planted trees need consistent moisture to establish healthy roots.

Are you ready to start growing your flowering dogwood?

Growing a flowering dogwood is a rewarding experience for any gardener. With the right care, your tree will provide you with beautiful blooms for years to come. Start today by following this expert advice, and enjoy the beauty that flowering dogwoods bring to your garden. Happy planting!